| 摘要: |
| 党的二十届三中全会对进一步全面深化生态文明体制改革作出系统部署，提出推进生态综合补偿，健全横向生态保护补偿机制，统筹生态环境损害赔偿。这对构建我国湿地生态长效补偿机制，贯彻落实“完善生态文明基础体制，健全生态环境治理体系”的基本国策具有重要现实意义。20世纪70年代以来，美国政府为加强湿地保护，通过法律和政策建立了湿地补偿银行制度，明确开发者损害补偿义务，调动了社会资金参与湿地保护的积极性，有效保障了美国湿地资源及其生态功能的动态平衡，相关经验值得我国研究与借鉴。研究美国湿地补偿银行制度的具体内容，分析如何发挥政府主导和市场机制在生态补偿中的作用，以提高湿地保护生态效益。在此基础上，立足我国国情，从长远角度提出建立我国湿地生态补偿市场机制的政策建议。 |
| 关键词: 关键词：生态文明；湿地保护；美国湿地补偿银行 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F062.2 |
| 基金项目: |
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| US Wetland Mitigation Banking Mechanism Research |
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HE Si-jun,CAO Yue-ying,RAN Shi-jiang
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(Banan Branch of People’s Bank of China)
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| Abstract: |
| The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party made systematic arrangements for further comprehensively deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system， proposing to promote integrated ecological compensation，improve the mechanism of horizontal ecological protection compensation，and coordinate compensation for environmental damage.This is of great practical significance for constructing a long-term compensation mechanism for China’s wetland ecology and implementing the basic national policy of “improving the basic system of ecological civilization and perfecting the system of ecological environment governance.” Since the 1970s， the U.S.government has strengthened wetland protection by establishing a wetland compensation bank system through laws and policies， clarifying the developers’ compensation obligations， mobilizing social funds to participate in wetland protection，effectively ensuring the dynamic balance of U.S.wetland resources and their ecological functions， and the relevant experience is worth studying and drawing lessons from for China.This paper focuses on the specific content of the U.S.wetland compensation bank system， analyzes how to play the role of government leadership and market mechanisms in ecological compensation to improve the ecological benefits of wetland protection.On this basis，starting from China’s national conditions and from a long-term perspective，policy recommendations are proposed for establishing a market mechanism for China’s wetland ecological compensation. |
| Key words: Key words：Ecological Civilization;Wetland Conservation;Wetland Mitigation Bank |
