| 摘要: |
| 利用2015年新疆城乡居民的调查数据，结合次序logit模型，识别影响普惠金融供给 和需求因素，并用逐次回归法得到稳健的影响因素。结果表明：受教育程度、婚姻状况、家庭 规模、家庭收入和是否拥有房屋使用权为普惠金融的需求影响因素，收入主要来源、金融服务 距离和是否拥有房屋使用权为普惠金融供给影响因素。进一步研究表明，受教育程度、家庭收 入对普惠金融需求的影响较大，而婚姻状况影响较小。而在普惠金融供给影响方面，收入主要 来源、金融服务距离影响均一般，是否拥有房屋使用权影响较小。受教育程度越高、家庭规模 越大、保障性住房家庭应配给更多的金融服务，以优化资源配置效率，而无稳定收入来源、金融 服务距离更远的家庭需求更甚。为了改变资源错配问题，应向受教育程度低的群体提供金融服 务培训，提高资源利用效率，金融服务距离远的应适当增加网点数量和覆盖面，以满足需求。 |
| 关键词: 普惠金融；供给；需求；次序logit；配给问题 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:F830.6 |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金一般项目“新常态下边疆地区普惠金融发展模式研究”(15BJY167)。新疆财经大学研究生科研创新项目“新疆绿色金融的空间关联性及外溢效应研究——基于空间动态面板的实证”（XJUFE2018k012）。 |
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| Research on Influencing Factors of Supply & Demand and Rationing of Inclusive Finance—Empirical Evidence Based on Questionnaires |
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HAO Yunping；LEI Hanyun；QU Shaodan
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School of Finance, Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics, Xinjiang Urumqi 830012
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| Abstract: |
| Using the survey data of urban and rural residents in Xinjiang in 2015, using the sequential logit model, identify the factors that affect the supply and demand of inclusive finance, and use the sequential regression method to obtain robust influencing factors. The results show that education level, marital status, family size, household income, and whether or not to own a house are the factors affecting the demand for inclusive finance. The main source of income, distance to financial services, and whether or not to own a house are the factors affecting the supply of inclusive finance. Further research shows that education level and family income have a greater impact on inclusive financial needs, while marital status has less impact. As far as the impact of inclusive financial supply is concerned, the main source of income and the distance of financial services are all equally affected. Whether or not they have the right to use the premises is less affected. The higher the degree of education and the larger the family size, the more affordable financial services should be allocated ，in order to optimize the efficiency of resource allocation, and the families with no stable income sources and farther financial services are in even greater demand. In order to change the problem of misallocation of resources, financial service training should be provided to low-educated groups to improve the efficiency of resource utilization. The number and coverage of bank outlets should be appropriately increased to meet the demand. |
| Key words: Inclusive Finance； Supply；Demand；Order Logit；Distribution Problem |
